Scraping and crawling are techniques used to automate data retrieval from the Web. Key differences between the two include their goals and processes.
Web crawling is the process of discovering and fetching pages by following links. It aims to cover many pages (sometimes an entire site) and collect their content and metadata. In real life, good crawling is also about limits: scope rules, deduplication, and being polite with rate limits.
Scraping is the process of extracting specific data from web pages. It is more targeted and aims to obtain particular information from a page, such as prices or product descriptions, event dates, or user emails. Unlike web crawling, the scraping process uses various techniques to circumvent blockages, for example, rotating proxies, changing the browser's User Agent, and emulating user behaviour.